Within easy reach of Leeds are many areas of outstanding natural beauty: the Yorkshire Dales, the North York Moors and the Vale of York...
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Wharfedale
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Country
Wharfedale
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A View Of Wharfedale From Beamsley Beacon
fieldformat
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level
fieldformat
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Link IDC
LINKING TO OTHER DOCUMENTS AND APPLICATIONS
It is possible for a button or active text to either launch another Windows application or to enter another document that has been produced using IDC.
In this latter case Quitting the second document will cause a return to the page of the first document from which the second document was called. This enables several documents to be linked together in a unified system....
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level
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Windows
Linking A Document Produced With IDC
Both the MORE button and the active text will call up a completely separate document created with IDC.
Click this or the MORE button to go to the document.
To return to this page you must QUIT the document...
-- Script
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.tbk"
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Windows
level
fieldformat
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Launching Windows Applications
Any Windows application can be launched from an interactive document. These are only a small number of examples. The active text could be anything and the launch could be triggered by a button.
Launch NOTEPAD [The file opened will be the README.TXT supplied with this sampler.]
Display the Windows Help File.
Another Toolbook document using a separate instance of Toolbook.....
-- Script
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$Anotepad.exe sampler:\readme.txt
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Windows
Developments
nextpage
Authoring
What's happening in CBL?
The Teaching and Learning Technology Programme is a nation-wide intitiative (1992-1995) aimed at producing and supporting the use of CBL materials in higher education. A number of departments in the University are involved in TLTP projects.
CBL and Multimedia Support Unit
This is TLTP-funded and provides advice and supports a range of projects in the University.
points
The Computer Based Learning Unit
This unit was established at Leeds almost 25 years ago to investigate the potential of CBL. It's activities cover both research and developement. Current research is concerned with advanced knowledge-based learning systems. Development work is carried out in collaboration with external bodies or departments within the University.y.
level
Developments
Authoring
level
points
nextpage
Authoring
A different approach5
Aspects of design
Interactive Document Compiler
Formats
Design and Production of CBL
This converts marked-up text together with an index of resources (such as images and other applications) to create an 'interactive document'. This can be a hypertext document or a bank of MCQs or any kind of interactive activity which uses structured content.
Structuring of content. Design of the presentation. Programming of the interaction. Specification of the control.
This separates out aspects of the design and automates the production. This is approach is suitable for the mass production of commonly used styles.
IDC uses the concept of a 'format' which combines presentation and interaction. There are several versions of IDC each with a set of formats. Each format requires the text input to be marked-up appropriately, but a single interactive document may use several formats.
This is a multi-skilled activity.
Authoring
Hyperbook
level
fieldformat
Text rectangle
links
nextpage
University of Leeds
THE HYPERBOOK FORMAT
This page has been produced using the Hyperbook Format.
As you will see in addition to displaying text there can be a picture.
Also links to other parts of a document (or to other documents and applications) can be added. These links may be followed by clicking on one of the buttons that may appear at the bottom right or through active text like this.
When you click the NEXT button you will see a more extended example....
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Wharfedale
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Most of the images in this sampler have only 16 colours, like the picture shown here of the Great Hall at the University of Leeds. Quality would be improved if images with more colours had been used, but as yet not all systems are equipped to display a greater number of colours. For comparison a 256 colour version of the same picture is available...
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The Great Hall, The University Of Leeds
If this picture looks no better (or worse) than the one on the previous page then either your monitor is not capable of displaying an image with 256 colours or the display driver currently in use will only handle 16 colours..
University of Leeds
level
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THE UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS
This example contains information about the University of Leeds, about the City of Leeds and something about the region in which it is set.....
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University of Leeds
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The University Of Leeds
Leeds is one of the largest and most successful universities in the country with a long-established international reputation for the high standard of its teaching and research. The University received its charter in 1904, but its origins lie in the nineteenth century...
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The City Of Leeds
Leeds is a prosperous, commercial, industrial and manufacturing city, and is also the cultural and sporting centre for much of the region. Impressive new shopping precincts complement traditional Victorian arcades and have created a fine regional shopping centre..
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A Green City
Leeds is a 'green' city, proud of its parks and open spaces including Woodhouse Moor, close to the University, Roundhay Park and the Temple Newsam estate..
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nextpage
Country
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Where Is It?
Leeds lies in the heart of West Yorkshire close to the geographical centre of Britain. It has good motorway and rail connections to the rest of the country..
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Pairs
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level
Matched Pairs
The next example requires the learner to match items from one list with another. In this case there are exactly the same number of items in each list. A variation of this format would allow extra items in the "answer" list.
This particular example is based on an Italian exercise used with a system called LUISA developed atthe University of Leeds by Brian Richardson and his colleagues..
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level
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nextpage
the tail
the fur
the lair
the trunk
the tusk
the whisker
the paw
la coda
il pelo
la tana
la proboscide
la zanna
il baffo
la zampa
Combina la traduzione inglese con quella italiana
Notice the links with some English words: "pelt" meaning the skin of an animal; "proboscis" a fancy word for trunk or similar appendage; and "coda" is a musical term (from the Italian) for a short piece at the end of a longer work.
nextpage
Stem and Branch
fieldformat
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Stem-and-branch Question
This style of MCQ is widely used in the biological sciences and medicine. The example you will see is taken from a large bank of such questions in Pharmacology which has been used at Leeds in various forms for more than ten years.
A section of the bank is supplied with this IDC Sampler as a separate system..
Stem and Branch
nextpage
sframe
hydroxylation
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Possible biotransformation pathways for amphetamine include
dehalogenation
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deamination
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MAO. No catechol groups thus COMT inactive. Look at functional groups. Phenyl ring hydroxylated. Nitrogen is dealkylated.
Note that deamination is very slow because of the alkyl group on the alpha carbon of the sidechain.
Explanation none
Stem and Branch
Test-Teach
nextpage
Scotland
TEST-TEACH
These are question-and-answer exercises which assume that the learner already has some knowledge, but is likely to make mistakes when answering questions.
Exercises of this kind should be sufficiently difficult that some learners make mistakes. However, it is important that mistakes are recognised so that informational feedback can be given to help the learner recognise and overcome the error.
First a simple exercise as an illustration....
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Scotland
nextpage
Again
Which is the largest city in Scotland?
Correct(1)
Glasgow
aAllow(1)
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Glasgow
Feedback(1)
I think you mean have the right city, but you failed to spell it correctly.
aAllow(2)
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Glasgow
Feedback(2)
I think you mentioned the the right city - just type it's name by itself.
aAllow(3)
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Edinburgh
Feedback(3)
Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland, but not its largest city.
aAllow(4)
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Edinburgh
Feedback(4)
I think you mean Edinburgh. Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland, but not its largest city.
aAllow(5)
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Aberdeen
Feedback(5)
Although the centre of Scotland's oil industry it is not the largest city.
The largest city in Scotland (in terms of population) is Glasgow.
The largest city in Scotland stands on the River Clyde and was once the centre of a large ship-building industry.
nAnticipated
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level
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Again
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nextpage
The Test-Teach format incorporates some simple matching algorithms which can tolerate different word order, allow extra words to be ignored and recognise an approximate spelling.
The algorithms are not sophisticated, but could be improved if necessary.
Although it cannot be tested with this example, the format will accept numerical answers within a specified range.
If you would like to try the question again, click BACK...
fieldformat
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level
Presentation
nextpage
Introduction
fieldformat
level
PRESENTATION
What follows is a short presentation using a simple format. Such a presentation could be used in front of an audience with the screen image projected onto a large display..
Text rectangle
Introduction
level
points
nextpage
Leeds
Off-the-shelf software
Write it yourself
Buy in a programmer
Collaborative development
Departmental project
Getting Started with CBL
Expertise and experience already exists. It exists in this university. Talk to people who have learned important lessons.
May well get the materials produced, but will you be able to maintain them and develop them as both educational requirements change and technology improves?9
Authoring of CBL materials is a complex task. It requires understanding of the subject matter, pedagogical insight, design expertise, an appreciation of the strengths and weakness of the technology and the ability to think like a programmer. This remains true even when using a powerful and sophisticated authoring system.m.
In the end you will only be successful in using CBL materials if CBL is an integral part of your department's plan.
There is an abundance of CBL materials. The CTI Centres for particular disciplines maintain catalogues of these materials. Will it adapt to you, or will you (and your students) have to adapt to it?
ilable...
Introduction
Leeds
level
points
nextpage
Developments
Biochemistry
Languages
PharmacologyW
Microbiologyy
Other Departments
What is happening at Leeds?
A small bank of MCQs has been developed using the same system as Pharmacology. In addition there are a number of exercises which use the commercial Question Mark system.
For over ten years a bank of about 1500 interactive multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with explanations has been made available to students of Dentistry and Medicine as well as those on Pharmacology courses. To this has been added material from other sources as well as exercises which make use of spreadsheets.
Both Russian and Italian have extensive software developed here at Leeds to support language learning such as vocabulary and grammar exercises.
Physical Chemistry, English, Computer Studies, Engineering all make use of some CBL materials and there are many other departments that expect their students to use standard software.
The Biological Sciences require all their students to be familiar with word processing and the use of spreadsheets. The CBL materials used in Biochemistry include simulations and diagnostic case studies. Most of this has been developed at Leeds.
he sidechain.
Leeds
Illustrative Interactive Documents
level
Test-Teach
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Multiple-choice Questions
Test-Teach Exercises
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level
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nextpage
MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
The following sequence of pages illustrates some possible styles of multiple-choice question.
As with all formats changes in colour, layout of the screen and details of the interaction could be changed to meet particular requirements..
nextpage
Simple MCQ
A Simple Multiple-choice Question
In this question the learner has only one chance to pick the correct answer. This results in either confirmation of the answer or the correct answer being displayed. In either case a short explanation is given.
There is an active phrase in the explanation which when clicked gives further information. This active phrase could have been a link to another page, another document or another application.
Notice that the menu bar is not displayed for these pages..
fieldformat
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Simple MCQ
nextpage
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In any interval of time which of the following is represented by the total area between the curve and the time axis?
links
distance travelled during the interval
distance from starting point
mean acceleration during the interval
average speed over the interval
maximum velocity reached during the interval
If velocity is in metres per second and time in seconds then a unit of area which is one second by 1 metre per second will represent one metre, that is distance..
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CBL Unit, University of Leeds, v A 1.1 931202
Label
MASTER for Points
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1993 Computer Based Learning Unit,
The University of Leeds. A 2.1 9310251
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1993 Computer Based Learning Unit, The University of Leeds v1.0 9312022
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Computer Based Learning Unit
The University of Leeds v A 1.1 93120155555555993
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Title: An IDC Sampler
Copyright: Content
1993 Computer Based Learning Unit, The University of Leeds
Date: 8th December 1993
Contents
MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
A Simple Multiple-choice Question
Matched Pairs
Stem-and-branch Question
TEST-TEACH
PRESENTATION
THE HYPERBOOK FORMAT
Images
The Great Hall, The University Of Leeds
THE UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS
The University Of Leeds
The City Of Leeds
A Green City
Where Is It?
Areas Of Natural Beauty
A View Of Wharfedale From Beamsley Beacon
LINKING TO OTHER DOCUMENTS AND APPLICATIONS
Linking A Document Produced With IDC
Launching Windows Applications
Pages
Test-Teach
Presentation
Hyperbook
Colours
More Colours
University of Leeds
University
Green
Region
Country
Wharfedale
Linking
Link IDC
Windows
One metre per second multipled by one second gives one metre: so area represents distance. If the interval of time was zero then the area would be zero so the area must represent distance travelled in the interval.
Clicking active text or a button may bring up a window like this or take you to another page, or to another document.
origins
The University has grown out of the Yorkshire technical College and the Leeds Medical School, both of which were founded in the nineteenth century.
asynchronous
Windows applications are launched ASYNCHRONOUSLY. This means that the document from which the new application was launched retains no control and the document and the application co-exist independently.
The user remains responsible for closing the application.
MCQ Bank
The Pharmacology MCQ Bank which in its entirety consists of about fifty documents is an example of such a system. A fragment of the bank is supplied with this sampler.
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Created from c:\ken\idc\sampler\sampler.idc
23-Dec-1993 (11:21) using Interactive Document Compiler Version 1.36
An IDC Sampler
Content
1993 Computer Based Learning Unit, The University of Leeds
Designed and produced by Kenneth Tait
8th December 1993
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IDC Sampler
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in,Scotland,Test-Teach,Stem and Branch,MCQ3,Pairs,MCQ2,Simple MCQ,MCQ1,MCQ,Menu
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Link IDC,Linking,Wharfedale,Country,Region,Green,City,University,University of Leeds,More Colours,Colours,Hyperbook,Authoring,Developments,Leeds,Introduction,Presentation,Again,Scotland,Test-Teach,Stem and Branch,MCQ3,Pairs,MCQ2,Simple MCQ,MCQ1,MCQ,Menu
Windows,Link IDC,Linking,Wharfedale,Country,Region,Green,City,University,University of Leeds,More Colours,Colours,Hyperbook,Authoring,Developments,Leeds,Introduction,Presentation,Again,Scotland,Test-Teach,Stem and Branch,MCQ3,Pairs,MCQ2,Simple MCQ,MCQ1,MCQ,Menu
ity,University of Leeds,More Colours,Colours,Hyperbook,Authoring,Developments,Leeds,Introduction,Presentation,Again,Scotland,Test-Teach,Stem and Branch,MCQ3,Pairs,MCQ2,Simple MCQ,MCQ1,MCQ,Menu
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Computer Based Learning Unit
The University of Leeds
Credits
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1993 Computer Based Learning Unit, The University of Leeds v1.0 9312082
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